The wave carries lightning energy, which enters the ionosphere at low latitudes, to the magnetosphere. The energy is reflected upward by the ionosphere's lower boundary, at about 55 miles altitude ...

"The expansion of the magnetosphere-ionosphere system can lead to atmospheric loss and enhanced interaction with solar radiation or cosmic rays. Also, the expansion results in more drag to the ...

The European Space Agency is set to launch a joint space science mission with China in early 2026 after a long collaboration.

Learn about the two NASA missions that hope to unlock the secrets behind multiple types of auroras by studying the role of ...

Space Weather is an emerging field of space science focusing on understanding the conditions and processes on the sun, in the interplanetary space, and in the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere and ...

The most dynamic electromagnetic energy and momentum exchange processes between the upper atmosphere and the magnetosphere take place in the polar ionosphere as evidenced by the aurora. Accurate ...

The Solar Wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) is a joint mission between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) which aims to study the ...